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Kilo class, Soviet designation Project 877 Paltus Russian: ???????, meaning "halibut", NATO reporting name Kilo, is a class of diesel-electric attack submarines designed and built in the Soviet Union for the Soviet Navy The class was built until the mid-1990s, when production was switched to the more advanced Project 636 Varshavyanka variant, also known as Improved Kilo-class by the West These attack submarines are mainly intended for anti-shipping and anti-submarine operations in relatively shallow waters Original Project 877 boats are equipped with Rubikon MGK-400 sonar system with NATO reporting name Shark Gill, which includes a mine detection and avoidance sonar MG-519 Arfa with NATO reporting name Mouse RoarNewer Project 636 boats are equipped with improved MGK-400EM, with MG-519 Arfa also upgraded to MG-519EM The improved sonar systems have reduced the number of operators needed by sharing the same console via automationAnechoic tiles are fitted on casings and fins to absorb the sound waves of active sonar, which results in a reduction and distortion of the return signal These tiles also help attenuate sounds that are emitted from the submarine, thus reducing the range at which the sub may be detected by passive sonar
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